曲棍球

曲棍球場地長91.40米，寬55米。球門高2.14米，寬3.66米。球棍長80 ～95釐米，球重156～163克。比賽時兩隊各11名運動員上場。全場比賽時間爲70分鐘，分上、下兩個半時，中間休息5～10分鐘。進1球得1分，以射入對方球門多者爲勝。男、女曲棍球分別於1908年和1980年被列爲奧運會比賽專案。







爲了使曲棍球更能吸引人們的注意力，曲棍球運動在新千年之際正經歷著一場基本的改變。







爲了促進得分，曲棍球--在世界的某些偏僻地區稱之爲場地曲棍球，已經從其比賽規則中取消了越位元。一名進攻球員在向有利於得分的位置移動時再不用擔心必須保證球或一名防守方球員處在自己的前面。







比賽



曲棍球比賽是在兩個11人的球隊之間進行的，每個隊的目的就是將球攻進對方的球門。比賽分爲上下半場，每半場35分鐘，進球多的隊獲勝。







除守門員以外，其他球員只能用球棍擊球，如故意用腳或身體的其他任何部位擊球都將被處罰。木制的鈎形球棍的左側爲平面，右側爲凸面。球員只能用平面的一側擊球。守門員在射門區內可以用身體的任何部位阻止進球得分。







比賽開始



比賽開始時，雙方隊長投擲硬幣。獲勝的一方選擇開始進攻端，另一方則在中場開球。在下半場時，雙方交換場地，上半場未開球的一方中場開球。







中場開球時，雙方球員列於自己的半場，由指定的一個球員從中場點將球擊向處在至少1米開外的一個隊友。然後開球的一方努力將球攻向對方的球門，而防守方則盡力斷球而轉入進攻。進球得分後要由丟分的一方從中場開球，在每次補時開始也要從中場開球。







比賽重新開始



如果球被擊出邊線，則由對方將球擊向自己的隊友而恢復比賽。如果球由進攻方球員擊出端線外，則由防守方擊球恢復比賽。



當雙方同時犯規，球被射入球員的衣服裏，或者比賽因球員受傷或其他原因而中斷時，都要採取爭球來重新開始比賽。爭球的地點由裁判選擇，但距離端線至少要14。6米遠。球放在雙方各一名球員之間，這兩名球員將自己的球棒交替擊向地面和對方球棒三次後擊球。在爭球時其他球員必須站在5米開外。







長角球和近角球(也稱懲罰性角球)



如果防守球員無意識地將球擊出自己一方的端線，則判給進攻方一個長角球，即由攻方球員在距角旗5米遠處發球。







如果守方球員故意將球擊出己方端線，則判給攻方短角球，即由攻方球員在端線上距最近一個門柱約9米處發處任意球，將球發給恰好在射門區外的隊友而形成射門。守方可以有5名球員，包括守門員站在端線後，只要攻方一開球，他們立刻就可以向球的方向進攻。







點球



當守方球員在射門區內利用故意犯規來阻止進球或阻止攻方球員得分時，判攻方罰點球。在射門區內非故意犯規阻止進球也可被判罰點球。罰點球時，將球放在距球門6。4米遠的地方，守方只能有守門員防守，一名攻方球員將球直接球射向球門。







得分



當球越過球門線而進入球門時就算得分。但是，唯獨曲棍球，只有在射門區內射門才有效。當守門員違反點球規則而阻止進球時判攻方得分。







危險動作



由於球(重量爲156-163克，周長爲224-235毫米)和球棒都可能産生危險，因此球員不能將球棒舉過頭頂或有危險動作。除射門外，球員通常不允許空中擊球。由裁判來判斷高於地面的球所産生的危險度。



阻礙



與許多運動不同，在曲棍球中不允許球員用身體或球棒護球或阻礙對手擊球。這樣做或者以身體妨礙對方都被判爲阻礙犯規。







其他規則



如果守門員壓在球上，可被視爲阻礙犯規。如果一個球員故意犯規，行爲不當或有危險動作，可受到警告(綠牌)，暫停其比賽5分鐘(黃牌)或逐出比賽(紅牌)的處分。被替換下場的球員隨後可重新參加比賽。比賽由兩名裁判主持，他們分管各自半場的判決。







比賽場



比賽場地的長度爲91.4米，寬度爲55米。中線橫穿將場地一分爲二。在每個端球門前各有一個距球門14.6米的弧，所形成的D形區域被稱爲射門區。球門的寬度爲3.66米，高度爲2.14米。

Hockey Profile
(To distinguish it from other hockey with the said persons, it is also known as "field hockey.")
Why is it worth to promote:
Fun - to stimulate and not rude, emphasis on technology and overall cooperation.
No shape gender barriers - race cases of non-extrusion block, to the general stature of Asians compared with Westerners who suffer and, frankly, a great room for development, and are suitable for men and women to participate.
Venue - in any flat can be hard to practice and competition; schools and public facilities, sporting venues would be ideal.
Formal competition system:
11-a-natural grassland in the artificial grass, or carried out (100 yards x 60 yards).
(International competition must be carried out the artificial turf pitch)
6-a-hand-in phase is equal to the size of the hard court to carry out (40 meters x 20 meters).
(Name the indoor hockey in Hong Kong can change its game system a little.)

To participate in hockey to the students and the children's benefits:
 to develop team spirit - this is inevitable in any team activities, the benefits of the system.
 to improve self-discipline - as opposed to the same kinds of the ball, players should set strict demands a high degree of self-discipline, consideration for others and to avoid all dangerous acts.
 quick response and flexible skill training - hockey-oriented dexterity, speed and cooperation, and to prohibit any collision shelter, is able to force the players to focus more on raising the level of purely technical, while the responsiveness and flexibility of their skill is necessarily a prerequisite.
 to improve attention and vigilance - hockey is basically more than any other contact ball security, but if the players Bu Liuxin the surrounding environment or the opponent moves, it will lead to unnecessary injury; the actual occurrence, in the training of players when the entry stage , has great importance to caution the students attention and alertness.
A challenge and hone their judgment - because of hockey in general can not be high-altitude passes, the players to pass or go places provided assistance, the more difficult nature than any other ball as high, but also was able to hone the player's spot strain and the ability to judge, actually a bigger challenge.

曲棍球在香港

發展
基於在這裡不方便說的理由，曲棍球在香港的發展一直無甚進展，參與者僅局限於極少部份人的圈子。
基層方面只有為數不多於十間，且絕大部份屬外籍學校，有曲棍球訓練並參加校際比賽。另有二至三間由熱心外籍人士為其子弟而設的小型曲棍球會，定期作交誼比賽。
聯賽
每年約由十月開始，至翌年四五月期間，進行雙循環制的公開聯賽。99/00年度聯賽中，男子分五組共五十四隊，女子則分三組共廿六隊參與。其中由華人組成的球隊，計有男子十五隊，女子七隊。
此外，球季期間會進行淘汰制盃賽：男子組有「荷蘭盃」（由甲、乙組成員角逐）及「曲總盃」（由丙、丁和戉組成員角逐）；女子組則有「淘汰盃」、「淘汰碟」等。

To participate in hockey to the students and the children's benefits:
 to develop team spirit - this is inevitable in any team activities, the benefits of the system.
 to improve self-discipline - as opposed to the same kinds of the ball, players should set strict demands a high degree of self-discipline, consideration for others and to avoid all dangerous acts.
 quick response and flexible skill training - hockey-oriented dexterity, speed and cooperation, and to prohibit any collision shelter, is able to force the players to focus more on raising the level of purely technical, while the responsiveness and flexibility of their skill is necessarily a prerequisite.
 to improve attention and vigilance - hockey is basically more than any other contact ball security, but if the players Bu Liuxin the surrounding environment or the opponent moves, it will lead to unnecessary injury; the actual occurrence, in the training of players when the entry stage , has great importance to caution the students attention and alertness.
A challenge and hone their judgment - because of hockey in general can not be high-altitude passes, the players to pass or go places provided assistance, the more difficult nature than any other ball as high, but also was able to hone the player's spot strain and the ability to judge, actually a bigger challenge.

Hockey in Hong Kong

Development
Inconvenient to say here, based on the reasons for the development of hockey in Hong Kong has been little progress, the participants were limited to very small part of the circle.
The primary level has only a few in 10, and the vast majority are foreign school, hockey training and participate in inter-school competitions. Another 2-3 by the enthusiastic foreigners who set his sons a small hockey will be on a regular basis for friendship games.
League
Starting from about October each year to newly settled the following year during the dual circulation system, an open league. 99/00 year league, men's total of 54 teams divided into five groups, women were divided into three groups of Nianliu teams. One by a Chinese team consisting of, namely, men's 15 teams, seven women's teams.
In addition, the season will be conducted during the knockout Cup: Men's group, "Dutch Cup" (from A, B members of the race) and "General Qu Cup" (from C, D, and yue group members compete); the women there "out of Cup", "dish out" and so on.